Harsher Struggles for African American Women than Men

A religion is a system of beliefs that explains things about the Universe, answers essential philosophical questions and tells its followers how to live their lives in order to achieve the goal of that religion, whether it be pleasing the gods of the religion, acquiring salvation from a curse, punishment, ailment etc. that the religion claims people or persons have or self-betterment. In the religions of Ancient Egypt, Buddhism and Christianity, a clear link between environment and religion can be seen. Religion has always been present in large civilizations and is a product of the environment, climate and geography. The sun god Ra was the most important and powerful of all in the polytheistic Ancient Egyptian religion (Shaw, 273). Not many of the images that come to mind when â€Å"Egypt† is mentioned contain clouds, and that is because the land of Egypt has sweltering weather. A direct influence from the environment can be seen on the religion as the sun had a huge impression of the lives of Ancient Egyptians and the sun god is the most worshipped and important of all. From their elaborate mummies and huge pyramids, it can be seen that the Ancient Egyptians concerned themselves a great deal with the afterlife. They believed that a person would not be able to proceed to the afterlife without recognising their secular body and therefore as many as could afford it mummified their relatives. Before mummification became a common practice, it often happened accidentally when bodiesShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of The Cotton Gin By Eli Whitney1169 Words   |  5 Pagescolonial era, African sl aves faced a life of struggle and fear. In 1793, the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney revolutionized economy as well as American slavery. This new machinery enabled the separation of the seeds from the cotton, making the cotton production increase extremely. 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In this book, there is ten African American criminologists presenting different research studies in regards to many different reasons and possible conclusions as to why crimes are committed by African Americans. For the most part, the criminologists all take an approach on how racism plays a huge role in the criminal activity of African Americans. However, they all have differentRead MoreThe Women Of Female Slaves1519 Words   |  7 Pagesincomparable and have an unmistakable difference to the lives of most nineteenth-century white American ladies. The African American slave does not have the same luxury to worry about insignificant alarms, shortcomings, and insecurities as other females, yet trusts herself to be and is, indeed, more grounded and able to endure more than most men. 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Conservatives within the party insisted the South accept abolition, but proposed few other conditions for the readmission of the seceded states. On the other hand, Radicals included Representative Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania and Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts. They insisted using a much harsher route by excluding largeRead MoreThe Exploitation Of Africans And Members Of The African Diaspora1635 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout American history, the exploitation of Africans and members of the African diaspora continues as a controversial topic among cultural critics because of America’s unwillingness to accept the flaws of its past. Discussions on whether the sentiments of slavery still impact people of the African diaspora are intricate. Furthermore, the marginalization of people of the African Diaspora continues to complexify the issue. 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Research Critique Free Essays

Moses Williams NURS 450 Professor Peggy Melloh Introduction Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a fairly common complication in hospitalized patients. Nosocomial infection prevention and patient safety promotion has been issued and many researches have been conducted to improve patient’s quality of life. In this article, Saint et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Critique or any similar topic only for you Order Now (2005) hypothesize that using a paper-based urinary catheter reminder can reduce the incidence of urinary catheterization, and consequently this will enhance the patients’ safety. Critique Part 1 Research Questions or Hypotheses The background and significance of this study are properly presented in the introduction. The research question is presented at the end of the introduction of this article. Saint et al. (2005) develop the research question based on the scientific backgrounds they selected and reviewed: â€Å"Is a urinary catheter reminder effective in reducing the incidence of indwelling urethral catheterization in the hospitalized patients? † (p. 456). The Independent variable is â€Å"a urinary catheter reminder† and the dependent variable is â€Å"the incidence of indwelling urethral catheterization. The research question appropriately states the relationship between â€Å"a urinary catheter reminder† and â€Å"the incidence of indwelling urethral catheterization,† thus the research question is specific to one relationship. The research question is generated from PICO information which means population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (LoBiondo-Wood Haber, 2010, p. 63). In this study, population is the hospitalized patients in the University of Michigan Medical Center and a total of 5,678 patients participate in the study. Intervention is ‘using’ a catheter reminder and comparison is ‘not using’ a catheter reminder. Outcome is the effectiveness of a use of the reminder. Although hypothesis is not directly written in the article, Saint et al. (2005) imply that a paper-based reminder of indwelling urinary catheter might help reduce improper catheterization. The research question is not placed in a theoretical framework; however, the conceptual framework is enclosed in the literature review of the article. Two conceptual frameworks are applied to develop the research question: one is patient safety promotion and the other one is infection prevention. The rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is relatively high among the nosocomial infections. Although indwelling urinary catheters are common and essential for some hospitalized patients, sometime these are unnecessarily applied. In this paper, a simple written reminder might cut down the use of indwelling urinary catheters and consequently this can reduce the rate of CAUTI and improve patient safety. The purpose of this study is not directly stated, but it can be inferred from the research question. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of a indwelling catheter reminder in decreasing the use of indwelling urinary catheter. The level of evidence of the research does not explain the significance of the study completely, but this is one of the skills that can assist the readers to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a research (LoBiondo-Wood Haber, 2010). This research is Level III because of its quasi-experimental design which tests cause-and-effect relationships. Saint et al. (2005) investigate the relationship between the use of a urinary catheter reminder and the incidence of indwelling urethral catheterization. In order to apply evidence in practice, the nurses should assess the potential for applicability first. Saint et al. (2005) bring up the problem that indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection â€Å"accounts for up to 40% of nosocomial infections. † Another problem they find is that many physicians are often unaware of urinary catheterization in their patients. Unfortunately, these overlooked catheters are unnecessarily applied in some patients, and then the rate of CAUTI can be increased. Based on these findings, Saint et al. 2005) hypothesize that a written reminder can help the physicians remember that their patients have indwelling urinary catheter, so this awareness of urinary catheterization can reduce the incidence of indwelling urinary catheter. Review of the Literature This article does not provide the search strategy including a number of databases and other resources which identify key published and unpublished research. In this article, both the primary sourc es and the theoretical literatures are collected and appraised in order to generate the research question and to conduct knowledge-based research. In the section of the literature review, nineteen professional articles are appraised in order to provide the significance and background of the study. Saint develops the research question based on these analyses. â€Å"Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in surgical patients: A controlled study on the excess morbidity and costs† is one of the primary sources written by Givens and Wenzel who conduct and analyze this study. In addition, â€Å"Clinical and economic consequences of nosocomial catheter-related bacteriuria† is a review of a literature article which is the secondary source. Although many studies state that patient safety is a top priority and CAUTI can be controlled by the caution of health care providers, the infection rate is relatively high among other nosocomial infections. One of the reasons Saint and colleagues uncovered is unawareness and negligence by health care providers. In appraising the literatures, Saint finds â€Å"over one-third of attending physicians were unaware that their own hospitalized patients had indwelling urinary catheter† (2005, p. 456). This article was published in 2005. Among thirty two resources, eighteen articles were published before 2000 and twelve articles were published within past five years. In this paper, the oldest article Saint et al. (2005) reviewed is â€Å"Factors predisposing to bacteriuria during indwelling urethral catheterization† which was published in 1974. This implies that indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection has been issued for more than forty years, and many researchers still work on this topic. The literature review is coherently organized so that the readers can understand straightforwardly why this study is planned. Saint et al. 2005) state prevalent and essential use of indwelling urinary catheter in hospitalized patients, and then they question its safety. They point out some problems caused by indwelling urinary catheter, including indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection, the patient discomfort, and increased health care cost. In some patients, the indwelling urinary catheters are not necessarily applied due to a lack of awareness of physicians. Therefore, Saint et al. (2005) come up with the idea that a simple and written reminder assists physicians to be aware of the indwelling catheterization in their atients, so the chances of catheterization will be reduced and the rate of the indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection will be decreased simultaneously. Saint et al. summarize the literature review by stating, â€Å"an innovative system-wide administrative intervention designed to remind physicians that their patient has an indwelling catheter in place might help reduce inappropriate catheterization† (2005, p. 456). In addition, this logical summary makes them develop the research question appropriately. Internal and External Validity This study barely has a potential threat to external validity. On the contrary, the external validity of the findings might be increased because Saint et al. (2005) apply the intervention in a real hospital setting, then the findings can be generalized and applied to other hospital setting. In order to reduce the threats to internal validity, the independent variable is only manipulated in the intervention group. In other words, the intervention group only gets a urinary catheter reminder to test effectiveness of it. The baseline of differences in age, sex, length of hospital stay, and catheterization is adjusted. The intervention fidelity is maintained throughout the study. Everyday, one nurse gathers information on â€Å"catheter status, reason for catheterization, and recatheterization† (Saint et al. , 2005, p. 457). Also, the time and method of collecting data is constantly maintained. The enhancement strategy such as â€Å"email, use of tap flag, and paging† is used in order to minimize physician’s ignorance with a reminder and to increase physician’s response. Research Design The study uses a pretest-posttest design with a nonequivalent control group, which is one of the quasi-experimental designs. Four hospital wards are selected and divided in two groups. Two wards are assigned to the intervention group to which the reminders are offered, and the other two wards are assigned to the control group. Data is collected for sixteen months, and sixteen months is divided into two eight-month periods which is pre- and post-intervention (Saint et al. 2005, p. 456). A nonequivalent control group design is adequate for this study because the esearcher can observe the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of a reminder by comparing the outcomes between intervention group and control group. Also, during pre-intervention periods, baseline data can be collected in both intervention and control group which will decrease bias. However, the researcher can simply assume that the condition of both groups is similar at the beginning of the research (LoBiondo-Wood Haber, 2010). T herefore, the quasi-experimental design is proper to conduct this study in order to answer the research question. References American Psychological Association. (2002). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. LoBiondo-Wood, G. , Haber, J. (2010). Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice (7th ed. ). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier. Saint, S. , Kaufman, S. , Thompson, M. , Rogers, M. , Chenoweth, C. (2005). A Reminder Reduces Urinary Catheterization in Hospitalized Patients. Journal on Quality and Patient Safety. 31(8), 455-462. How to cite Research Critique, Essays

Ecological Services of Rivers free essay sample

What is the concept of ecological services? What are ecological services of rivers and why are they important? What ecological services of rivers will decline due to human influence and why they will decline? Keywords: purification, wildlife, decline Ecological Services of Rivers What is an ecological service? An ecological service is an ecosystem which serves all living organisms through all types of environmental purifications. We are using these services to help better service us and to also help the environment. There are multiple types of ecological services which provide for animals and human. Some of these ecological services consist of but not limited to purification of air, water, groundwater recharge with wetlands, and rivers. Ecological services are valuable for many reasons, including economic benefits, protection of human health and safety, and support of recreational or aesthetic enjoyment. When ecosystems are not healthy, some or all of the services they provide to people may be lost. We will write a custom essay sample on Ecological Services of Rivers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Replacing these services is often completely beyond current technology, and even when we can replace them, it is usually prohibitively expensive to do so. The overall concept of these ecological services is to provide a better ecosystem to live and thrive as a whole. The two most important ecological services from a river would be purify water and provide habitats for wildlife. The purification of water is a huge benefit to us as humans today. Water makes up a huge percentage of our body. Drinking clean purified water helps keep us from getting sick from diseases. This purified water occurs in nature in several ways. When it rains forest, woodlands, and wetlands act like a sponge for the water to slow down and enter streams, which flow into rivers. Naturally the world cleans itself. We as humans have messed with the natural purification from rivers so we now purify our water again to drink. Purified water is a key element to all organisms and the way of life. Purified water keeps us health and able to sustain life. Rivers provide habitat for multiple types of living creatures. Just like us, wildlife needs water to survive. Wildlife can be an issue with over populated areas and fecal matter entering and contaminating the rivers. Being able to sustain this ecological service keeps the habitat in check. For example, beavers live near and on rivers; they cut down trees, which slows the water down for purification. Two ecological services which would possibly decline because of human influence would be the deposit of slit to maintain deltas and the deliverance of nutrients to sustain coast fisheries. I can see the decline of slit to maintain deltas diminish because as humans we are sometimes greedy. Slit is naturally full of enriched minerals, which could be used to help farmers grow their crops. Most of us look at today and not tomorrow. Slit for deltas are important, but not to humans right now. Why do coastal fisheries need nutrients? Even though these fisheries need nutrients from the river for their wildlife to survive humans will not put forth an effort. Why would we need the river to provide the nutrients the fisheries need when I could sell them enhanced nutrients for the fish? This is why I think you would see the decline because of humans. In conclusion, we talked about the ecological services with the definition and concept. There were two important services discussed about a river. When these two important services were talked about we went over why they are important and should not be over looked. We also did two ecological services for a river which would possibly decline with human influences. With the possible decline of these two ecological services we explained why they could be overlooked. Overall, ecological services are an important part of our day to day living. With the human destruction of these ecological services we are making harmful change to the natural environment. Most of the rivers in the United States are polluted by humans from chemical runoff and lack of knowledge. We as humans need to protect all the ecological services from clean air to our clean rivers. Just remember, a ripple in the water expands and gets worse as the ripple extends out.

Understanding Life Essay Sample free essay sample

Travelocity is a company that believes in the ethical intervention and development of employees. True False Michelle Peluso. CEO of Travelocity. subscribes to McGregor’s Theory X positions refering employees. True False Practical experience and research both tell us that layoffs should increase the motive of staying employees. True False Harmonizing to Jeffrey Pfeffer about 90 % of today’s organisations are genuinely â€Å"people centered. † True False Harmonizing to Jeffrey Pfeffer. companies must take between emphasizing uninterrupted betterment and doing employees experience comfy. True False Research grounds suggests that increasing occupation security is associated with higher net incomes and lower employee turnover. True False Providing preparation for employees leads to take down employee turnover. True False An organisation is a system of consciously co-ordinated activities of two or more people. True False Harmonizing to the text. there are three degrees of OB analysis: persons. groups. and organisational. True False The World Health Organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Life Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page General Motors. and Al Qaeda are all illustrations of officially defined organisations. True False 11. OB is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to better apprehension and pull offing people entirely in for net income concern environments. True False 12. Organizational behaviour is a perpendicular subject operation in the human resource kingdom. True False 13. Organizational behaviour is a specific occupation class in most organisations ( e. g. . the â€Å"COBO† or the Chief Organizational Behavior Officer ) . True False 14. Legalization of union-management corporate bargaining helped further the human dealingss motion. True False 15. Reanalysis of the original Hawthorne informations strongly supports initial decisions about the positive consequence of supportive supervising. True False 16. Writer Elton Mayo advised directors to go to to employees’ emotional demands. True False 17. Mary Parker Follett urged directors to demand occupation public presentation alternatively of simply trying to arouse it from employees: a â€Å"push† instead than â€Å"pull† scheme. True False 18. Douglas McGregor believed directors could carry through more by first acknowledging that employees are per se selfish and lazy and so working to rectify that fatal defect. True False 19. Harmonizing to McGregor’s Theory X. people tend to stall and bum whenever they can. True False 20. Assurance. hope. optimism. subjective wellbeing. and emotional intelligence are the five cardinal dimensions of McGregor’s Theory X. True False 21. Harmonizing to McGregor’s Theory Y. the typical employee can larn to accept and seek duty. True False 22. McGregor’s Theory X asserts that employees must be coerced and threatened with penalty before they will work. Tru e False 23. From a philosophical position. McGregor’s Theory X places a greater accent on human potency than does his Theory Y. True False 24. The ultimate end of Six Sigma is to come within six standard divergences of flawlessness. True False 25. Six Sigma promotes intense examination of how a procedure is defined. measured. analyzed. improved. and marketed. True False 26. Entire quality direction ( TQM ) is defined as uninterrupted. customer-centered. employee-driven betterment. True False 27. Entire quality direction is established today thanks in big portion to the pioneering work of Douglas S. Surber. True False 28. In successful betterment plans. Entire quality direction rules are embedded in the organization’s civilization. True False 29. Harmonizing to W. Edwards Deming. when things go incorrectly. there is approximately a 60 % opportunity that the system ( e. g. . direction. machinery. or regulations ) is at mistake and about a 40 % opportunity that the single employee is at mistake. True False 30. W. Edwards Deming believed that formal preparation in statistical procedure control is unneeded ( and even counterproductive ) in modern organisations. True False 31. Deming would probably back a concern theoretical account wherein organisational betterment is addressed. in a meaningful and intense manner. one time a twelvemonth at an one-year meeting. True False In the early 1990s. even when Internet applications were undergoing a growing jet. advocators said it would amount to nil in the terminal. True False 33. Those born into the alleged â€Å"Net Generation† topographic point a high value on freedom. True False 34. Members of the â€Å"Net Generation† are by and large unskilled at coaction due to their distressingly awkward societal accomplishments and questionable hygiene. True False 35. E-business involves utilizing the Internet to purchase and sell goods and services whereas e-commerce involves utilizing the Internet to ease every facet of running a concern. True False 36. Human capital is the productive potency of an individual’s cognition and actions. True False 37. Social capital is productive possible ensuing from strong relationships. good will. trust. and concerted attempt. True False 38. Intelligence. creativeness. motive and enthusiasm are dimensions of societal capital. True False 39. Trust. common regard . teamwork. and chumminess are dimensions of societal capital. True False 40. A recent reappraisal of 30 old ages of concern literature led to the decision that good direction requires a clear intent and a prejudice toward action. True False 41. After a reappraisal of 30 old ages of concern literature. it was concluded that to be an effectual director one must be really sensitive both to past experience and to the mass of new information available through digital beginnings. True False 42. Harmonizing to Henry Mintzberg. the most critical occupation in our society is that of the director. True False 43. Henry Mintzberg discovered that directors typically devote big blocks of clip to be aftering. True False 44. Directors with high degrees of accomplishment command tend to hold better fractional monetary unit public presentation and employee morale than directors with lower degrees of accomplishment command. True False 45. At its nucleus. direction is about covering efficaciously with people. True False 46. Harmonizing to recent research. effectual female and male directors have significantly different accomplishment profiles. True False 47. The successful twenty-first century director portions entree to power a nd cardinal information. True False 48. A successful twenty-first century director positions people as a possible job. True False 49. The primary function of a twenty-first century director is to give orders and control action. True False 50. A successful twenty-first century director seeks to ease alteration. True False 51. Directors of the hereafter will be compensated based on clip. attempt. and rank. True False 52. Corporate officers in the U. S. are mostly protected from rough condemnable punishments by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. True False 53. A countrywide study of human resource professionals revealed that merely 11 % on occasion ascertained unethical behaviour at their organisations. True False 54. The highest degree of Carroll’s Global Social Responsibility Pyramid is occupied by ethical duty. True False 55. â€Å"Kindness to the helpless† is the most basic and indispensable of Kent Hodgison’s seven moral rules. True False 56. Harmonizing to a 2008 study. pupils at spiritual schools are significantly less likely to rip off than pupils at non-religious schools. True False 57. An organization’s ethical clime can be improved by developing a meaningful codification of moralss. True False 58. Surveies in the United States and the United Kingdom demonstrate that corporate committedness to moralss typically comes at a big underside line cost to the organisation. True False 59. A field survey is a statistical pooling technique leting behavioural scientists to pull general decisions about certain variables from many different surveies. True False 60. Because of the extremely controlled nature of research lab surveies. generalising the consequences to organisational direction requires cautiousness. True False 61. Which of the followers is non associated with higher net incomes and lower turnover? A. Layoffs B. Careful engaging C. Generous wage D. A deficiency of accent on position E. Trust 62. Evidence suggests that people-centered direction patterns are associated with ___ . A. higher net incomes B. higher turnover C. more centralised determ ination doing D. increased layoffs E. Increased accent on hierarchal position 63. The aim of organisational behaviour is to develop a better ___ . A. apprehension of rivals B. apprehension of people at work C. corporate procedures D. indoctrination system for employees E. tantrum with the external environment 64. The three basic degrees of analysis in organisational behaviour are ___ . A. psychological. sociological. and statistical B. emotional. physical. and cognitive C. Functional. concern. and strategic D. Individual. group. and organisational E. group. single. and environmental 65. Why should one pass one’s clip larning about organisational behaviour? A. To larn how to interact with others more efficaciously B. To increase the opportunities of going a successful director C. To better understand human behaviour D. To increase self-management accomplishments E. All options are right 66. Which of the followers is the nucleus profession that OB pupils typically specialize in when they enter organisations? A. CEO B. COO C. CFO D. COB E. none of the abov e 67. Based on ulterior interviews and re-analysis of the original informations. which of the followers was likely non responsible for the high production end product at Western Electric’s Hawthorne works? A. Fear of unemployment during the Great Depression B. Supportive supervising C. High-quality natural stuffs D. Money E. Managerial subject 68. Equally early as the 1920s. _____ advised directors to actuate occupation public presentation alternatively of simply demanding it. In other words. ( s ) he advocated a â€Å"pull† instead than a â€Å"push† scheme. A. Douglas McGregor B. Kristin McKay C. W. Edwards Deming D. Henry Mintzberg E. Mary Parker Follett 69. In the 1933 classic. The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization. _____ advised directors to go to to employees’ emotional demands. A. Douglas McGregor B. Elton Mayo C. W. Edwards Deming D. Henry Mintzberg E. Mary Parker Follett 70. Which of the followers is an premise of McGregor’s Theory Y? The typical individual ___ . A. has imaginativeness and creativeness B. cares merely about security C. prefers to be directed D. avoids work if possible E. requires close supervising 71. Which of the followers is an premise of McGregor’s Theory X? The typical individual ___ . A. dislikes work and will avoid it if possible B. positions work as a natural activity. like drama or rest C. can larn to accept and seek duty D. is capable of autonomy and self-denial E. has imaginativeness. inventiveness. and creativeness 72. _____ is based on pessimistic and negative premises about human nature. A. Theory Q B. Theory W C. Theory X D. Theory Y E. Theory Z 73. _____ is based on a positive set of premises about human nature. A. Theory Q B. Theory W C. Theory X D. Theory Y E. Theory Z 74. Harmonizing to the rules of entire quality direction ( TQM ) . betterment is _____ driven. A. stakeholder B. direction C. leader D. employee E. industry 75. â€Å"Continuous. customer-centered. employee-driven improvement† defines ___ . A. entire quality direction B. the eventuality attack C. the human dealingss motion D. organisational behaviour E. the Hawthorne bequest 76. W. Edwards Deming had much to state about how employees should be treated. Among other things. he called for ___ . A. formal preparation in managerial techniques B. an accent on single duty C. riddance of barriers to good craft D. accent on numerical quotas E. order giving and punishment 77. Harmonizing to W. Edwards Deming. _____ is required to bring out system ( e. g. . machinery ) failures. A. a fearful work environment B. new leading C. an interview with the go toing supervisor D. an interview with the employee responsible E. statistical analysis 78. Harmonizing to W. Edwards Deming. when things go incorrectly. there is approximately a ( N ) ______ per centum opportunity the system ( e. g. . direction. machinery. or regulations ) is at mistake and about a _____ per centum opportunity the single employee is at mistake. A. 55 ; 45 B. 65 ; 35 C. 75 ; 25 D. 85 ; 15 E. 95 ; 05 79. A common rule underlying assorted entire quality direction ( TQM ) plans is that one should ___ . A. hint faulty points back to the person responsible B. maintain a strong differentiation between labour and direction C. listen and learn from rivals D. maintain a strong Quality Inspection section E. do it compensate the first clip to extinguish dearly-won rework 80. Those born into the so called â€Å"net generation† topographic point a premium on ___ . A. isolation B. trust C. tradition D. construction E. freedom 81. _____ refers to purchasing and selling goods and services over the Internet whereas _____ refers to utilizing the Internet to ease every facet of running a concern. A. Virtual organisation ; practical squad B. E-business ; E-mail C. E-mail ; E-commerce D. Virtual squad ; practical organisation E. E-commerce ; E-business 82. _____ represents the productive potency of an individual’s cognition and actions. A. The Hawthorne bequest B. McGregor’s Theory X C. Human capital D. E-business E. Social capital 83. _____ represents the productive possible ensuing from strong relationships. good will. trust. and concerted attempt. A. The Hawthorne bequest B. McGregor’s Theory X C. Human capital D. E-business E. Social capital 84. Intel spends 1000000s of dollars each twelvemonth to promote instruction in math and scientific discipline. This policy ___ . A. builds human capital B. wastes organisational resources C. increases employee turnover D. reflects a Theory X position of human nature E. contradicts the instructions of Mary Parker Follett 85. A recent reappraisal of 30 old ages of concern literature led to the decision that good direction requires ___ . A. a clear intent and a prejudice toward action B. a willingness to set oneself before the organisation C. the occasional â€Å"bending of the rules† D. an IQ of at least 130 E. extended Six Sigma preparation 86. _____ is the procedure of working with and through others to accomplish organisational aims in an efficient and ethical mode. A. Entire quality direction B. Management C. The human relation motion D. Organizational behaviour E. The eventuality attack 87. Research by Henry Mintzberg and others has found that a typical manager’s twenty-four hours ___ . A. is a disconnected aggregation of brief episodes B. has few breaks C. has big blocks of clip for be aftering D. is contributing to reflective thought E. is chiefly exhausted planning and apportioning resources 88. Clark Wilson’s research outlined 11 accomplishments exhibited by effectual directors. Which of the followers is one of those managerial accomplishments? A. Provides feedback on annual intervals B. Makes one-sided determinations C. Provides intense force per unit area for end achievement D. Empowers and delegates responsibilities to others while keeping end lucidity and committedness E. Uses penalty and coerc ion to accomplish public presentation. 89. Which of the followers is a feature of a twenty-first century director? A. Vertical communicating forms B. Compensation based on clip and attempt C. A competitory position of interpersonal relationships D. Resistance to alter E. Sharing cardinal information. 90. Of the followers. which is a feature of a 21st-century director? A. Compensation based on clip. attempt. and rank. B. Sing people as a primary resource. C. A monocultural. monolingual orientation. D. Ethical considerations are made as an reconsideration. E. Hoarding power and cardinal information. 91. _____ calls for utilizing direction techniques in a situationally appropriate mode alternatively of trusting on ‘one best manner. ’ A. Human resource development B. Organizational behaviour C. The human dealingss motion D. The eventuality attack E. Total quality direction 92. Corporate officers in the United States are capable to high answerability criterions and rough punishments under the ______ Act. A. Swart-Surber B. Hayes-Rachel C. Gambino D. Sarbabes-Oxley E. Brown 93. The base of Carroll’s Global Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid is _____ dut y. A. economic B. legal C. ethical D. philanthropic E. egocentric 94. In Hodgson’s seven moral rules. the impression of the holiness of human life is captured by ___ . A. self-respect of human life B. liberty C. honestness D. trueness E. humaneness 95. Harmonizing to a 2008 study. pupils at spiritual schools. comparative to pupils at public schools. are significantly more likely to ___ . A. follow ethical regulations of behavior B. darnel C. attend college D. efficaciously preserve their ideals throughout their lives E. work in the non-profit sector 96. In Hodgson’s seven moral rules. the impression of self finding is captured by ___ . A. self-respect of human life B. liberty C. honestness D. trueness E. humaneness 97. A _____ is a statistical pooling technique that allows behavioural scientists to pull decisions about certain variables from many different surveies. A. instance survey B. meta-analysis C. sample study D. field survey E. research lab survey 98. A _____ probes person or group processes in an organisational scene. A. inst ance survey B. meta-analysis C. sample study D. field survey E. research lab survey 99. In a ___ . variables are manipulated and measured in controlled state of affairss. A. instance survey B. meta-analysis C. sample study D. field survey E. research lab survey 100. _____ are characterized by high research preciseness. A. Field surveies B. Sample studies C. Laboratory surveies D. Case surveies E. Meta-analyses 101. A _____ is an in-depth analysis of a individual person. group. or organisation. A. Case study B. Meta-analysis C. Sample study D. Field study E. Laboratory survey 102. Organizational behaviour is a scientific discipline built on the foundation of a figure of older academic and applied Fieldss. What are some of these Fieldss and what are their alone parts to organisational behaviour? Be complete in your response and include. at a lower limit. five lending Fieldss. 103. Describe the premises behind McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. How can McGregor’s Theory Y premises be applied to the jobs of pull offing in a modern working environment? 104. What is the difference between e-commerce and e-business? Describe the E-business deductions for organisational behaviour. 105. Define human capital. Describe the qualities and features of single human capital. Which of these features do you see in yourself? 106. Compare and contrast the features of past directors and twenty-first century directors. 107. Identify the seven general ethical rules and briefly describe each. Answers may run loosely as this inquiry calls for a synthesis of what pupils know about other Fieldss in concurrence with what they’re larning about OB. ] Organizational behaviour has been built upon the parts of psychological science. sociology. societal psychological science. anthropology. and political scientific discipline. Psychology has contributed to larning. perceptual experience. personality. emotions. preparation. leading effectivity. demands and motivational forces. occupation satisfaction. decision-making procedures. public presentation assessments. attitude measuring. employee choice techniques. work design. and occupation emphasis. Sociology has contributed through the survey of formal and complex organisations – including group kineticss. design of work squads. organisational civilization. formal organisation theory and construction. organisational engineering. communications. power. and struggle. Social psychological science has contributed in the countr ies of mensurating. apprehension. and altering attitudes ; communicating forms ; constructing trust ; the ways in which group activities can fulfill demands ; and group decision-making procedures. Anthropology has contributed to an apprehension of organisational civilization. organisational environments. and differences between national civilizations. Political scientific discipline has contributed to an apprehension of structuring of struggle. allotment of power. and how people manipulate power for single opportunism. One strength of organisational behaviour is its ability to assist us understand complex topics by uniting the positions offered from such diverse subjects. 103. ( p. 8 ) Theory Ten premises are pessimistic and negative in nature. It is assumed that people dislike work and will avoid it when possible. that they must be coerced and threatened and that they prefer to be directed. Theory Y premises are positive in nature. In this instance. it is assumed that people are capable of autonomy. they will be committed to organisational aims if they are rewarded for making so. and the typical employee will seek duty and has imaginativeness. inventiveness and creativeness. Surveys suggest that most employees would prefer to go an built-in portion of the organisation. but they feel a deficiency of connexion with their supervisor or with the organisation. Theory Y premises expressed by directors would assist mend this gulf between employees and organisations. 104. ( p. 12 ) E-commerce refers to the purchasing and merchandising of goods and services over the Internet. E-business is much broader in range and refers to the usage of the Internet to ease every facet of running a concern. E-business can radically change any activity that depends significantly on the flow of information. This might include everything from client demands and merchandise design to monetary values. agendas. fundss. employee public presentation informations. and corporate scheme. Directors and employees have entree to greater measures of information because communicating crosses traditional organisational boundaries. 105. ( p. 14 ) Human capital is the productive potency of an individual’s cognition and actions. Features of human capital include single intelligence. aspirations. proficient and societal accomplishments. self-pride. enterprise. adaptability. preparedness to larn. creativeness. enthusiasm. motive and committedness. continuity. ethical criterions . honestness and emotional adulthood. How pupils relate these concepts to their ain experience will change loosely. 106. ( p. 17 ) Past directors saw themselves as order-givers who relied on formal authorization as a beginning of influence. Communication forms were typically perpendicular in nature and information was restricted. Employees were frequently viewed as a beginning of jobs and competitory interpersonal relationships. twenty-first century directors see themselves as facilitators and managers. They rely on proficient and interpersonal cognition as a power base. Communication flows in multiple waies and information is shared. Employees are viewed as a valued resource and spouses in concerted interpersonal relationships. 107. ( p. 24 ) The seven general ethical rules include self-respect of human life. liberty. honestness. trueness. equity. humaneness. and the common good. Dignity of human life means that worlds have a right to populate and to be treated with regard. Autonomy means that all individuals are per se valuable and therefore hold rights to self-government and equal human autonomy. Honesty means that the world of the state of affairs should be told to those who have a right to cognize it. Loyalty means that promises. contracts. and committednesss should be honored. Fairness means that one has a right to be treated reasonably. impartially. and equitably. and has the duty to handle others reasonably and rightly. Humaneness means that our actions ought to make good to ourselves and others and we should avoid making evil. The common good agencies that actions should profit the public assistance of the largest figure of people while seeking to protect the rights of persons.

USS Reprisal (CV-35) in World War II

USS Reprisal (CV-35) in World War II USS Reprisal (CV-35) - Overview: Nation:  United States Type:  Aircraft Carrier Shipyard:  New York Naval Shipyard Laid Down: July 1, 1944 Launched:  May 14, 1945 Commissioned: N/A Fate:  Sold for scrap, 1949 USS Reprisal (CV-35) - Specifications (planned): Displacement:  27,100 tons Length:  872 ft. Beam:  93 ft. (waterline) Draft:  28 ft., 5 in. Propulsion:  8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shafts Speed:  33 knots Complement: 2,600 men USS Reprisal (CV-35) - Armament (planned): 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft (planned): 90-100 aircraft USS Reprisal (CV-35) - A New Design: Developed in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys  Lexington- and  Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were designed to meet the restrictions enacted by the  Washington Naval Treaty. This limited the tonnage of different types of warships as well as placed a ceiling on each signatory’s total tonnage. These limitations were expanded and refined by the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As the international situation deteriorated in the following years, Japan and Italy abandoned the treaty structure in 1936. With the implosion of the treaty system, the US Navy worked to design a new, larger class of aircraft carrier and one which pulled from the lessons learned from the  Yorktown-class. The resulting ship was wider and longer as well as incorporated a deck-edge elevator system. This technology had been employed earlier on  USS  Wasp  (CV-7). In addition to carrying a larger air group, the new class possessed a greatly enlarged anti-aircraft armament. Construction began on t he lead ship,  USS  Essex  (CV-9), on April 28, 1941. In the wake of the US entry into  World War II following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the  Essex-class became the US Navys standard design for fleet carriers. The first four ships after  Essex adhered to the class original design. In early 1943, the US Navy made several alterations to enhance future ships. The most noticeable of these changes was the lengthening the bow to a clipper design which allowed for the inclusion of two quadruple 40 mm gun mounts. Other alterations included moving the combat information center below the armored deck, improved aviation fuel and ventilation systems, a second catapult on the flight deck, and an additional fire control director. Though referred to as the long-hull  Essex-class or  Ticonderoga-class by some, the US Navy made no distinction between these and the earlier  Essex-class ships. USS Reprisal (CV-35) - Construction: The initial vessel to begin construction with the revised  Essex-class design was USS  Hancock  (CV-14) which was later re-designated Ticonderoga.   A multitude of additional carriers followed including USS Reprisal (CV-35).   Laid down on July 1, 1944, work on Reprisal began at the New York Naval Shipyard.   Named for the brig USS Reprisal which saw service in the American Revolution, work on the new ship moved ahead into 1945.   As the spring wore on and the end of the war neared, it became increasing clear that the new ship would not be needed.   During the course of the war, the US Navy had ordered thirty-two Essex-class ships.   While six were eliminated before construction commenced, two, Reprisal and  USS Iwo Jima (CV-46), were canceled after work had begun.   On August 12, the US Navy formally halted work on Reprisal with the ship listed as 52.3% complete.   The following May, the hull was launched without fanfare in order to clear Dry Dock #6.   Towed to Bayonne, NJ, Reprisal remained there for two years until being moved to the Chesapeake Bay.   There it was used for a variety of explosive testing including assessing  bomb damage in magazines.   In January 1949, the US Navy inspected the hull with an eye towards completing the ship as an attack aircraft carrier.   These plans came to nothing and Reprisal was sold for scrap on August 2.          Selected Sources DANFS: USS Reprisal (CV-35)NavSource: USS Reprisal (CV-35)U-boat: USS Reprisal (CV-35)

The Perfect Structure of Writing a Business Term Paper

The Perfect Structure of Writing a Business Term Paper The Perfect Structure of Writing a Business Term Paper A term paper is likely to be included as a requirement for most, if not all, of your business classes. It is mostly because it not only helps to determine how well a student is doing in understanding the concepts of the course but also to give them the opportunity to learn more in depth information about a particular subject. The extensive research that is needed to effectively write a succinct business term paper gives the student a chance to get more complete concepts in business. A business term paper is usually between 8 to 10 pages in length, however, these requirements vary per instructor. Students are usually given the entire term to complete the assignment, which is the main reason why it is called a â€Å"term† paper. The paper needs to include various components that will be discussed in more detail below. This guide will help you work through each section. Title Page Certain formatting styles like the APA format will need the title page to be an additional paper all by itself. It gives the information like your paper’s name, your name, course name, school name, and date. It is the first page of your paper. The MLA form does not have a title page and all of this information is in the upper left hand side of the page. Abstract Large papers will include an abstract that gives a summary of what the paper is about. The summary should give all of the important information. Fill up half of the paper with single spaced text and you should be all set. Remember, this section isn’t like the back cover of a book. It shouldn’t keep the â€Å"good stuff† secret. The reader should be able to read this instead of the entire piece. Table of Contents The table of contents lists all of the sections and chapter titles and the page number where the sections can be found. It usually comes after the abstract if there is one in the paper. Introduction Make sure that you introduce your topic and give some background information on it. It means that you need to provide a brief overview to get the reader interested. Include the thesis near the end of the introduction. Thesis The thesis is the main point that you are trying to make. If you could prove your point in one sentence, the thesis would be it. Make an outline to help you develop the perfect thesis for your paper. It is the best way to make sure that you do it just right. Body Here is where you have to â€Å"put your money where your mouth is† and prove your thesis. The evidence that supports your thesis must be trustworthy because, otherwise, your points will be easy to dispute. Conclusion Now it is time to wrap it up. You need to restate your main points in your conclusion and pull it all together. Don’t rush this part of the process. It is vital to the success of your paper and your last chance to get your points across. Bibliography The reference page gives all of your resources that were used. You need to give credit to those that you get your ideas from. It is not only the right move to make, but it also allows you to give your words extra power. When people see the source, they believe what you say more than before. Show that different scientists have your back in the facts that you state. When you are writing your custom term paper, these tips are very vital to the success of your paper. Now, all you have to do is get writing. Get to work. A great paper is right around the corner.

Monitoring pain response in DBS patients Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Monitoring pain response in DBS patients - Essay Example As a result, researchers have presented several studies to determine and explain the DBS mechanism in a way that people could understand. High-frequency stimulation is the method used to minimize the tremors and seizures (Kim 2013). DBS is believed to trigger the release of neurochemical by the application of high frequency stimulation. DBS is beneficial in this filled because it helps in relief and management of pain in patients with movement disorders. However, it also presents several challenges that threaten its effective application, for example, recent and future changes in technology, attitude, as well as health risks such as brain bleeding, stroke among others (Kim 2013). This paper seeks to explore this topic by looking at literature review if the issue, recent developments and its benefits in the area of biomedical engineering. Introduction DBS is a surgical treatment whereby a neurostimulator device delivers minute electrical signals to the parts of the brain that controls movement. This occurs in three parts; first, a thin insulated wire referred to as electrode is placed into the brain. Second, a neurostimulator (pace-maker like device) is placed under the skin near the collarbone or may be placed somewhere else in the body. Lastly, an extension in the form of another thin, insulated wire connects the electrode to the neurostimulator. DBS was discovered in 1980s to relieve tremor using high frequency stimulation of certain parts of the brain. As a result, DBS replaced the traditional ablative procedures by emerging as the surgical treatment option for movement disorders such as tremors, Parkinson’s disease, tics and dystonia. The DBS system can be activated and deactivated by putting a magnet in the area of the chest with the IPG or neurostimulator. This has a small battery of a lifespan of five years, which produces the electrical pulses required for stimulation (Patterson, et al. 2007). Unlike in the traditional ablative procedures, the st imulating electrodes in DBS, which includes voltage, pulse width and frequency of stimulation, can be customized and adjusted to an individual’s needs. Further, there is rare occurrence of potential risks such as infection, stroke or hemorrhage. If side effects occur, they are reversible and include swallowing and speech difficulties, weakness, and abnormal sensations. DBS was principally used for treatment of movement disorders associated with Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor, but it has since been applied to certain nonmotor conditions and other types of movement disorders. The main goal of DBS is to relieve pain or restore function by stimulating neural activity by use of surgically implanted electrode. Literature Review Mechanism of Action Since its introduction, DBS continues to be effective in reducing dyskinesias, improving motor function and reducing symptom fluctuations brought by on-off medication effects especially in the case of Parkinson’s d isease (Maruo, et al. 2011). Success in DBS treatment depends on precise neutral targeting, careful selection of patients, and extensive individualized programming. The bottom-line is that DBS does not treat the disorders completely, but it helps in managing pain and reducing severe symptoms in Parkinson’s disease such as rigidity, tremor, slow movements, stiffness and walking problems (Burns, et al. 2007). DBS surgery has been successful in treating neuropathic pain, but the

Uae Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Uae - Assignment Example A service industry comprises of various companies which basically earn income by providing intangible services and products. They are involved in transport, food services, retail, distribution and other service-dominated enterprises. At times, they are called tertiary sectors or service sectors. Strengths Economic strengths The steady oil prices in the country has boosted transport sector to highest levels. Most of the economy revenue comes from the oil industries. For the past few years, according to the country’s statistics, the world market has remained stable favoring service mobility. Transport industry has benefited most from this global market. As a result of this, non-oil sectors have been stimulated thus escalating the disposal revenue of the less performing segments of the entire population. Generally, the country produces up to 22 million barrels of crude oil for export daily. This boosts the country’s economy (Gorgenlnder, 2011). The country also has steady and convertible currency which is pegged to the US dollar with minimal foreign exchange controls. This facilitates easy movement of services from one part to the other. If the global financial crises arise, it has survival tactics to make it productive in the market. Furthermore, UAE has been known for very competitive labour costs and real estates. The country has experienced and readily available work force that provide cheap and quality labor. Most of the work is done by these locals thus low cost of productions. The country’s permissive policies and healthy balance of payments allow free trade movements within and without the country. This allows free flow of services/goods thus boosting the economy (Group, 2008). Geographical strengths The country is strategically located at the Middle East, with very easy contact to not only to Eastern and Middle Eastern markets, but also to South Asia, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and other markets in the Asian countries. This impl ies that there are ready markets for the manufactured goods and services. Furthermore, the country has well established ports that can access to main sea routes. Most of the trading countries use these ports for exit and entry in transacting businesses. This has made the country to be seen as a pacesetter and a regional leader for development. Commercial strengths According to Gorgenlnder (2011) and Group (2008), the country has open trade zones favorable for business start-ups. Most of the enterprising people can easily nature their talents and explore market opportunities easily. Interestingly, the country has no corporate and personal taxation. Any business start-up has no personal/corporate intimidation in form of taxes. More often than not, most businesses fail due to high taxation and unfavorable work environment. This favor has been extended to other countries; there is no taxation for information exchange. Infrastructural strengths UAE has sophisticated and ultramodern banki ng sectors that provide various services for its rich expatriate clientele. Most financial institutions are furnished with modern facilities which accommodate the needs of the clients. In fact, the banking sector has been privatized to enable quality delivery of services. Also, the country is equipped with IT infrastructure and

Good vs Evil Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Example for Free

Good vs Evil Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay The world as we know it is constantly moving and changing; events occur that can affect people’s lives even if they are thousands of miles away. Whether or not these happenings are good or evil can shape one’s mindset and outlook on the actions they take themselves. Both have distinct strengths and weaknesses; however, the real question one must ask is which side of the spectrum is more capable of influencing humanity. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde written by Robert Louis Stevenson, a wealthy and well-respected doctor by the name of Henry Jekyll, who believes that man is not one but two separate people, constructs a potion which unearths his inner evil (Mr. Edward Hyde), and in the end is engulfed by the strength of his malevolent persona. Although good is a preferred in society, the power of evil has more ability to spread over a larger scale and influence the minds of many; it is omnipresent, inevitable, and extremely easy to surrender to. As much as people would like to conceal their impure intentions and corrupt ways of life, somehow they are revealed and it is impossible to resist what truly lies inside. What classifies a person as either good or evil depends on what side of their soul they decide to let be in control. Once the bad side takes over it takes an immense amount of effort to get the good back. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll is consumed by the evil that lies within him. When Jekyll first consumes the potion he feels elated. Edward Hyde provides an alternate life for Jekyll. He is liberated of all cares and expectations. Nearing the end of the book, the reader gets a close look inside Jekyll’s mind and what was occurring when he switched between himself and Hyde. He tells about the early stages of his experiment: â€Å"I felt younger, lighter, happier in body†¦ a solution of the bonds of obligation, an unknown but not an innocent freedom of the soul. I knew myself, at the first breath of this new life, to be more wicked, tenfold more wicked, sold a slave to my original evil; and the thought, in that moment, braced and delighted me like wine† (Stevenson 67). Throughout his life, Henry has always been a man of respect. He is known to have integrity and good ethics. When he rids of his burdens and gives into the side of himself that does whatever it wants, he is rejuvenated. It’s as if he is given two paths, and the easier one to take is the one with â€Å"do not cross† tape across it. The temptation lingers over Jekyll to constantly transform into the devilish version of him. He is aware of the wrongness of the situation because Hyde is a danger to the community, but the feeling of being free is an addiction to him. It takes restraint to hold Hyde inside, and in the end it becomes impossible because he overpowers any will to salvage the morality of Jekyll. It is further explained that the switch between personalities was not caused by the drug, but by a choice that was made. Jekyll explains in his confessions, â€Å"The drug had no discriminating action; it was neither diabolical nor divine; it but shook the doors of the prison-house of my disposition†¦my evil, kept awake by ambition, was alert and swift to seize the occasion; and the thing that was projected was Edward Hyde† (Stevenson 67). It is said that evil is inside of everyone just as much as good is, and depending on what one faces one may be more present than the other. The potion was just a key which opened the lock that held Jekyll’s wicked spirit. The potential was always inside of him, but he needed that push to help him express it. In the real world, there are no potions that can turn one evil; however, certain events can trigger feelings or thoughts that completely go against one’s morality. It is a personal decision to act upon those thoughts, but it is particularly simple to do so, and once it is made a chain reaction occurs that becomes more frightening as it continues. That sparks one to ponder how the evil gets into a soul, and if there is anything to that can prevent the chaos it ensues. The question of where evil comes about is one that has been argued for a long time. Some believe that it is influenced by the world surrounding them, or perhaps by personal experiences. It could be that we are exposed to the concept of it at such an early age that we are given our lives to ponder what we prefer. It is also said that depravity is laced in our genetics, passed on through generations. Whatever the case, the demons inside us can at times be inescapable. If it is true that somewhere in our destiny lies evil, it is impossible to hold back. It is a natural instinct for those who are given that gene to do horrible things, and that overpowers the choice they are given not to. In an article addressing the source of evil which discusses well-known figures such as Adolf Hitler, it is written that recent studies have shown the evidence of behavior and personality in DNA. The author of the article believes that it is impossible to attain such tendencies through inheritance. He states, â€Å"The fact that one child may turn into a bully or become a criminal and another not remains a tantalising mystery, and one that scientists cannot possibly explain in simple terms of DNA† (Masters). Masters is suggesting that the transformation from good to bad is a complicated process that involves many elements. It is an intriguing thought, how a mind can shift from one side to the other. The influence of evil is all around and it becomes a task to ignore what is being so aggressively thrown upon a person. One incident can have the power to spoil a pure soul. Bad behavior is directly linked to selfishness; one can convince themselves that a decision that hurts others is what is right for them. Adolf Hitler can be used as an example of this; his greed for the perfect Germany drove him to do things which are appalling to imagine. With the article being based off of Hitler, it debates, â€Å"Vice is the easy option, whereas virtue denotes difficulty and sweat. As the great Roman philosopher and dramatist Seneca wrote: Nature does not give a man virtue, the process of becoming a good man is an art. † (Masters). Human beings are always searching for an easy way out. It can be applied to everyday life, taking an escalator rather than the stairs for example. When faced with the decision between good and evil, one is swayed towards evil simply because it is the easier decision to make. To be good and pure is to ignore impulses for revenge or selfish acts, which give one a sense of satisfaction and are hard to resist. It is a natural instinct to be bad, and one must work hard to escape the evil of their own self. Once somebody defeats the demons that lie inside of them, it is a whole other battle to face the evil that lay in front of them in their life. No matter where one may try to go, it is near impossible to escape the constant influence of bad people and bad things. No matter age, race, or sex, corrupt people are out there that can hurt and destroy. Evil is something that has the ability to spread like a wildfire, and affect all who crosses its path. In an ABC News article titled â€Å"‘Depraved’ Behavior in Ordinary Life† the subject of wickedness is brought into perspective with real-life situations. It is typical to connect evil to war and politics, but one may be surprised at the small accounts of evil they may encounter on a daily basis. Michael Welner, a psychologist who studies depraved behavior, believes that evil has a broad spectrum which any person can fit inside. He states, â€Å"’The American public regardless of [geographic] state, regardless of opinion, regardless of orientation, in a variety of issues can achieve an agreement about a number of qualities of crimes that make them beyond-the-pale depraved’† (Libaw). Welner challenges that there are standards that must be met for a person to be considered evil; however, it is fairly easy to meet the criteria. Anybody and everybody can do sinister acts; it doesn’t just apply to dictators and murderers. Looking further into the mind of an evil-doer, one may ask what makes a mind hostile. The subject is also addressed in this article, when Welner’s study is revealed to include 14 traits that can define a human as evil. Libaw sums up Welner’s research with this statement, â€Å"The common thread is that evildoers dont just commit bad acts. They choose to make their actions even worse by behaving sadistically and deliberately ignoring or intensifying the damage and suffering they cause† (Libaw). It is one thing to do something that is bad, and another thing to dedicate one’s life to making sure all surrounding them are in misery. Evil people have the power to ruin so many things with the blink of an eye, where it takes an army of good to defeat the power that the wicked ones hold. To make a difference for the better is much more difficult to do than destroying is. It takes too much effort and determination for any average person to accomplish. Evil is something that is all around us; it has the strength to overcome almost everything and destroy many aspects of society, even when there are the few that attempt to maintain the good. Connections can be made extremely easily, from those one might be close to or as far away as a person they learn about in school. Evil is something that carries on throughout the years and can have lasting effects while good deeds can only stay in the spotlight for so long. Humans have the choice to fight for good or to give into evil, and it requires inner strength of an individual to fight against the strength of evil if they wish to attain purity. If that can be achieved then it will stay and one less person will be affected; however if they fail, they may be a victim of the grasp of evil for as long as they shall live. Works Cited Libaw, Oliver. Looking for Evil in Everyday Life. ABC News. ABC News Network, n. d. Web. 09 Apr. 2013. Masters, Brian. Are Some People Born Evil? Mail Online. Associated Newspapers Ltd, 7 Feb. 2007. Web. 26 Apr. 2013. Stevenson, Robert Louis. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. New York: Bantam, 1981. 67-69. Print.

Aristotle Essay -- essays research papers

Aristotle   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the possible exception of Plato, Aristotle is the most influential philosopher in the history of logical thought. Logic into this century was basically Aristotelian logic. Aristotle dominated the study of the natural sciences until modern times. Aristotle, in some aspect, was the founder of biology; Charles Darwin considered him as the most important contributor to the subject. Aristotle’s Poetic, the first work of literary notice, had a string influence on the theory and practice of modern drama. Aristotle’s great influence is due to the fact that he seemed to offer a system, which although lacked in certain respects, was as a whole matchless in its extent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle was born in 384 BC in Stagira in northern Greece. His father, Nicomachus, was a physician with close connections to the Macedonian court. In 367, Aristotle went to Athens to join Plato’s Academy, first as a student then, a teacher. Plato had gathered around him a group of outstanding men who shared no common belief but who were united by the exact effort to organize human knowledge on a firm theoretical basis and expand it in all directions. This effort identified Aristotle’s own work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was also part of the Academy’s program to train young men for a political career and to provide advice to rulers. After Plato’s death, Aristotle joined the court of Hermias of Atarneus in 347, and later went to the c...

Little Ice Age

Europe had experienced a general cooling of the climate between years 1150 and 1460 and a very cold climate between 1560 and 1850. This event came to be known as the â€Å"Little Ice Age. † This cold weather had impact on agriculture, health, economics, emigration, and art and literature . The term â€Å"Little Ice Age† was named by Francois Matthes in 1939 to describe the most destructive climate drop in Europe. This ice age was consisted of mountain glaciers which brought temperatures as low as 2 degrees Fahrenheit. Numerous people got sick and some were even killed and starved to death because of a famine.Farms and villages were lost due to the cold weather. It is unknown on what caused this â€Å"Little Ice Age. † We do know that this event impacted the people living in Europe. Many people have spotted out that the sunspot activity during this time period was low. This rare occurrence of sunspots triggered a cold sun, also the many volcanic eruptions which th en turned into an ice age. Imagine the fog hugging the ocean waters, cold winds coming in from the north, no horizon, no boundary between the sea and sky, land is frozen, and there you are gazing at a futureless world.Although â€Å"The Little Ice Age† was not a true ice age because it didn’t last long enough to cause ice sheets to grow larger, but it did change the daily life in Europe. At the conclusion of the Medieval Warm Period, the ice age made Iceland and Greenland attractive colonies for many Europeans to emigrate to due to the lack of food and cold temperatures. Even schools of cod, fish were forced out into the western Atlantic Ocean due to the frigid water temperature. Pilgrims followed the cod down the coast of North America settling on Cape Cod.Population increased in Europe during the warm period which left a large amount of people starving and dying during the first year of â€Å"The Little Ice Age,† due to famine. Rain was harsh during this time, it drenched the farmlands. To overcome this dilemma, farmers had plowed soils with long furrows, creating fields that absorbed large amounts of rain without doing much drainage problems. After it was cleared the land became a muddy wilderness. The crops were flattened where they grew. Europeans needed to find a new way to rely on food. One way in particular, was tree bark was made into bread.No longer were they able to rely on crops due to the flooded and frozen grounds. The frozen conditions led farmers to lose their cattle, hunters could no longer hunt for food, and fisherman could no longer fish for food. Villages of people subcommed to the famine. The famine outbreak occurred between the years of 1315-1317 where over 25 million people died from famine or famine related diseases. One in particular known as Black Death. Many of the hungry were also killed by famine diarrhea. This condition was resulted from bad nutrition and changes in the intestines that upset the water and salt balance in the body.The people of Europe were forced to eat the flesh of dead animals as part of their survival. The hungry would abandon their homes and villages and go to hospitals and sometimes even crowded prisons just to survive. In doing so, the large majority of people also brought on many other infectious diseases. People huddled together for warmth. When people died their clothes, including their underwear, were passed on to other people. When these people left their homes they only left with what they wore on their backs. In addition to the impact â€Å"The Little Ice Age† had on human survival, it had a large impact on economics.Increasing grain prices with lower wine production greatly affected the income of many. Property values and loss of taxes were at a decline . Population was increasingly declining due to the famine. With all these factors many of the people suffered much hardship. The lack of production in Europe caused other countries to have bidding wars against one another for cargos of food and imports. â€Å"The Little Ice Age,† caused many people to flee Europe in search of better living habitats and survival strategies. This ice age not only affected humans, but also the wildlife and everything around it.The plants enzymes are failing them and their roots are struggling to find a way through the frozen soil. These plants can’t grow and maintain themselves in these conditions. Pollination is nearly impossible during this time. The plants aren’t able to give off much oxygen into the atmosphere, which we breathe in. The true impact of â€Å"The Little Ice Age† began around 1600 and lasted until the 1800’s. During that time in Europe is when it was at its height. It was considered to be the most significant climate event of the last millennium.Only until recently have climatologist discovered research of climate conditions in historical times. As stated before, no one is quite sure how â€Å"The Little Ice Age† evolved. Climatologist and historians have had many discussions on what they think was the main cause of the ice age. Today they are able to determine the yearly average temperatures, rainfalls, volcanic activity, and the effect of the sun during that period . What we know is that the sun experienced a â€Å"quiet† period, meaning its intensity was not that strong. Therefore, a cooling occurred.Sunspots which determine the suns strength were noted to be in decline. Volcanic activity is to be another known source of the cause. As the volcanoes erupted they shot out particles and gases into the air. With these gases floating in the air it led to an event called the aerosol effect. This had reduced the amount of heat by reflecting it back into space. Europe was not able to get direct sunlight so temperatures dropped. An unscientific way that climatologists were able to determine how extreme the temperatures were and how frigid the air felt was through art. They were also able to determine through these paintings when the colder air was beginning to lift. An interesting fact regarding the ice age is the paintings that were done during that time. Artists depicted people wearing warm winter clothes, all bundled up, and landscapes were covered in snow and ice. The theme of the paintings ended once the climate was starting to get warmer. A man once had studied more than 12,000 paintings in 41 art museums in the United States and 8 European countries to test if this hypothesis was true; that these paintings would accurately reveal the climate.He looked at the color of the clouds and sky in these paintings. By doing this scientist were able to tell when â€Å"The Little Ice Age† was at its peak and how cold it was then. The impact that â€Å"The Little Ice Age† had on neighboring countries such as Greenland and Iceland were extremely dramatic. Greenland, prior to â€Å"The Little Ice Age,† was free of packed ice and Nors e Settlements were well established in the region. During â€Å"The Little Ice Age,† as the temperatures changed and plummeted, Greenland suffered considerably.Increased hardship for families, animals, and agriculture, all do to the conditions â€Å"The Little Ice Age,† brought along. This included flooding and storminess. â€Å"The Little Ice Age† caused major economic disruption throughout Europe. Ice covered seas made voyages extremely difficult. Settlements were either abandoned or died out when temperatures were at only 2 degrees. In the Norse Settlements, archeologists have discovered the clothing on the bodies of the buried to be in remarkably good shape due to the frozen grounds. Iceland was another country that suffered greatly.Since the fourteenth centaury Iceland’s major economic contributor has been exporting fish. Harsh winter temperatures made it nearly impossible to sustain this industry. Icelanders fished from open boats, not far from land , and tried to survive on local farming relatives that lived close to shore. With the population of 50,000 between the years of 1750-1758, 17,000 people died of hunger or disease. Ireland’s main source of income and stability in their country was the import and export of potatoes. Ireland had adopted the potato from America.Irish farm workers ate nothing else besides potatoes. Later on, the people of Ireland would suffer the worst due to the worst famine Ireland had ever experienced. We need to understand that the ice age has proven to have affected millions of people in the world and many countries. Starvation, hunger, crime, economic hardship, and settlements that were lost were all due to a period in time that we still don’t know too much about. What â€Å"The Little Ice Age† did to many parts of Europe has, and will change the future events that will go on. Because of the ice age tree heights have been altered.Many trees have gone, so the ones that are left are not as big as they used to be. This means the people of Europe will have little supply of wood to be able to make things such as furniture and paper. The disappearance of animals will be affected. Many fish such as cod have traveled to different waters around the world. This lowers the population of fish in Europe which hurts fisherman, trade, business, and food supply. Also that many animals have died and decomposed into the ground, it leaves hunters empty handed with fur to use as clothing and trade.Europe also suffers agriculturally. The harvest supplies that were destroyed during the ice age have led Europe to a decline in crop production today, such as cotton. If warming trends continue in Europe, growing seasons will lengthen, and wine vineyards will be established again in England. Many people have questioned as to whether the â€Å"Little Ice Age† will happen again. For hundreds of years, scientists have been observing the sun, examining the sun spots, wondering i f the ice age could happen again. The scientist are discussing that the number of sun spots should be increasing.Human made greenhouses that help release carbon dioxide is a major factor in keeping the atmosphere warm. In addition, the ocean plays a tremendous part in keeping the climate on track. If melting ice caps and glaciers off of Greenland flows into the Northern Atlantic, it will shut down the Gulf Stream, also known as the â€Å"Great Conveyer. † In this situation, the icy cold water would shut down the Gulf Stream, which now keeps Europe warm. Worst case scenario would be a full blown ice age or a period of harsh winters. Now, if the warming continues and keeps progressing on the right path, then the growing seasons in Europe will lengthen.This is important because the majority of European citizens depend on this to grow food that they need for the upcoming seasons. Farms will be cleared to be closer to the Arctic Circle. In this area the sun is visible through the summer and does not set. Farmers can’t stress enough about having sun on their farm. It is crucial in their growth of their crops. The people of Europe had come a long way to deal with this ice age. Some of the things that they did were to migrate to other countries, away from the cold temperatures, and build houses that were together so that they could keep warm and not disrupt their family relation.If we keep building greenhouse affects and burn fossil fuels, Europe may be able to recover fully and successfully. If â€Å"The Little Ice Age† has taught us anything, it is that climate change and weather are unpredictable, and we should always be prepared for any sudden shift in change. This was the Europeans story of how climate made history. http://science. jrank. org/pages/47813/Little-Ice-Age. html http://www. geocraft. com/WVFossils/ice_ages. html http://www. commondreams. org/views04/0130-11. htm

Effective Hr Training

EFFECTIVE HR TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY. EVALUATION OF TRAINING MCQ'S. 1. DISNEY UNIVERSITY IS NOT A CAMPUS BUT A †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. PROCESS FOR TRAINING ALL EMPLOYEES OF THIS ENTERPRISE ? a. PROCESS. b. EXAMPLE c. PROGRAMME d. ALL OF THE ABOVE. 2. PROFESSIONAL FACILITORS LEAD ONLY. a. CONTENT, PRESENTATION. SESSIONb. HIGH LEVEL SESSION c. TECHNICAL ; EXECUTIVE SESSIONd. NONE OF THE ABOVE. 3. THE ATRITION RATE AT DISNEY IS ONLY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. PERCENT COMPARED WITH 60 PERCENT. a. 15b. 20 c. 25 d. 10 4. Related article: KFC – Training and Development Problems Encountered by HRM StudentsTHE FIRST PART OF RPOGRAMME INVOLVES TRAINING OR RETRAINING IN QUALITY FINANCE, AND OTHER AREAS. a. TRUE b. FALSE 5. ONCE THE TRAINING IS COMPLETED THE TEAMS BECOME RESPOSIBLE FOR THEIR †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. a. OWN DEVELOPEMENTb. ORGANISATIONS DEVELOPEMENT c. TRAINEES DEVELOPEMENTd. ALL OF THE ABOVE. 6. EACH EMPLOYEE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CREATING HIS OR HER OWN TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN a. TURE b. FALSE. 7. THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES THAT ARE MANAGED BY INDIVIDUALS THAT WENT THROUGH THE APPRAISAL a. TURE b. FALSE 8. REACTION IS DEFINE AS. a. WHAT THE TRAINEES THOUGHT ABOUT PRAGRAM. . TARINERS TEACHING SKILL. c. NON OF THE ABOVE 9. MOST TRAINERS BELIVES THAT INITIAL RECEPTIVITY PROVIDES A GOOD ATMOSPHERE FOR LEARNING THE MATERIAL IN THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM BUTDOES NOT NECESSERILY CAUSE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. a. MANAGEMENT OF STRESSb. INNOVATION, MANAGEMEN T OF STRESS c. HIGH LEVEL OF TRAININGd. NONE OF THE AOVE 10. THE LEARNING OF †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. SHOULD BE USED SO THAT QUANTITIVE RESULT CAN BE DETERMINED . a. ALL PARTICIPANT b. TWO PARTICIPANTS c. EACH PARTICIPANT d. ALL OF THE ABOVE 11. AS FAR AS POSSIBLE THE LEARNING SHOULD BE MEASURED ON AN SUBJECTIVE BASIS a.TURE b. FALSE 12. WHERE PRINCIPLES AND FACT ARE TAUGHT RATHER THAN SKILLS, IT IS MORE DIFFICULT TO EVALUATE LEARNING. a. TURE b. FALSE 13. THE MOST COMMON TECHNIQUES IS THE †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦TEST a. PROJECTORb. PEN AND PENCIL c. CLASSROOMd. NONE OF THE ABOVE. 14. IT IS DIFFICULT TO DO AND HARD TO PROVE THAT TRAINING WAS THE ‘CAUSE’ OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT. a. TURE b. FALSE 15. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ IS THE CONCEPT THAT MEANS THE DEGREE TO WHICH AN EVALUATION TECHNIQUE OR INSTRUMENT MEASURES WHAT IT WAS INTENDED TO MEASURE. a. RELIABILITYb. LEARNING c. VALIDITYd. NONE OF THE ABOVE

Teilhard De Chardin - Place Of Man In The Universe Essays

Teilhard De Chardin - Place Of Man In The Universe Essays Teilhard De Chardin - Place Of Man In The Universe Before the world was made, he chose us, chose us in Christ, to be holy and spotless, and to live through love in his presence, determining that we should become his adopted sons, through Jesus Christ. (Eph. I, 4-5). These powerful words of St. Paul in his first letter to the Ephesians, I think, best characterize the spirit of Teilhard the Chardin, his idea of man and man's place in the universe, and of the common goals of humanity. Just imagine somebody Somebody, whose whole life was a continuous prayer to God, a prayer, in which he constantly asked to break through the seal of traditional authority and common ignorance, and explore the depth of reality, the ultimate beginning and the ultimate end, and the reasons behind the emergence of life and conscious beings in the universe. Of course, that means that your books are put on the Index and you are almost made into a heretic by the True and Holy Catholic Church. But he didn't give up. He clearly saw his goals, his purpose. It was his life's work, to trace back the origins of mankind, and to speculate of its goals and ultimate outcome. It was his type of spirituality, scientific spirituality, that drove him incessantly to spend sleepless nights trying to make sense out of scientific facts, to tie them together with what seemed apparent, and with that which didn't seem so apparent. And the best he came up with was a simple statement, We Are All One. Life is eter nal, love is immortal, and death is but a horizon. Life Is, he would say if someone would have asked him, what is life? Life Is, and ever was, and forever will be - world without end. Composite matter dies and falls apart, but spirit remains. And with it - that indelible part of it, the nuclei of personality, the individual particles which have been with us from the very beginning, which grow and evolve with us, and which strive towards common union into a whole, with God as the center In my paper, I will discuss Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's idea of man's place in the universe, as presented in a variety of his works. I will be using mostly primary sources for my research, as well as talks delivered at the Centennial Teilhard de Chardin Symposium at Georgetown University, and books written by Teilhard's friends or contemporaries. In most of his works, Teilhard establishes a link between anthropology and metaphysics, between science and religion. They are an attempt to understand the universe through man, who is very much part of it. In them, we can see Teilhard's vision of harmony of duality of the universe, which is composed of matter and spirit. Union of matter and mind, of the cosmos and the spirit of the universe, and the evolving of one into the other is one of the main ideas behind all of Teilhard's works. He tries to prove that life didn't emerge by accident, but was a product of evolution. And man has his own place in the evolution of the universe. First of all, universe is not static. That is, there is no permanence in it. Everything is in the constant process of change, and a particular kind of change - evolution. How did man come to be, asks de Chardin. And the only plausible conclusion he can make is, that human being is a link in a chain of evolution. What was before man? And how does God fit into the whole picture? Let us follow Teilhard in his understanding of the universe through ourselves, human beings. Has there always been conscious life in our universe? No, would be Teilhard's answer. Emergence of consciousness was indeed a breakthrough in the evolution of the world. But what kind of a breakthrough? What is the primordial element that gave rise to life in the universe? What is it composed of? As a Catholic priest, he should say, well, the universe was created by God out of nothing in six days, and culminated in the creation of man out of earth. And this Old Testament myth, however surprising it

Homeschool Planning and Organizational Tips

Homeschool Planning and Organizational Tips With the fresh start of a new year, January is a prime time for focusing on planning and organizing. This is true for homeschooling families, as well. This round-up of planning and organizing articles will help you prune time-wasters and become a master planner in your homeschool. How to Write a Homeschooling Philosophy Statement Learning how to write a homeschooling philosophy statement is an often over-looked, but logical first step in homeschooling planning and organization. If you have a clear picture of why you’re homeschooling and what you hope to accomplish, it’s much easier to figure out how to get there. A philosophy statement can also be helpful for parents of teens in explaining to colleges what your student has learned in your homeschool. This article offers a peek into the authors personal homeschool philosophy statement to give you a model for your own. How to Write Homeschool Lesson Plans If you still dont quite have a handle on the hows and whys of homeschool lesson planning, dont miss this article. It outlines several scheduling options and basic methods of lesson planning. It also features practical tips for writing realistic lesson plans that will allow plenty of room for flexibility. Homeschool Daily Schedules Get yourself and your kids organized in the new year by refining your homeschool daily schedule. Whether you prefer detailed plans or simply a predictable daily routine, these scheduling tips take into account your familys schedule and your kids peak productivity times. Homeschool schedules are as varied as the families they represent, so there is no right or wrong schedule. However, these tips can help you to work out the most effective schedule for your unique family. Teach Kids Organization With a Homeschool Schedule Daily schedules arent just for homeschooling parents. They are an excellent resource for teaching kids organizational and time management skills that they can use throughout their lives. The freedom and flexibility of homeschooling allows kids the opportunity to practice structuring their day and managing their time while under the guidance of their parents. Learn how to create a homeschool schedule for your students and the benefits of doing so. 4 Steps to Writing Your Own Unit Studies You may want to work on planning your own unit studies in the upcoming year. Doing so is not as intimidating as it may sound and can actually be quite enjoyable. This article outlines four practical steps for writing your own topical studies based on your kids’ interests. It includes scheduling tips to help you get the most out of each unit without overwhelming yourself or your kids. Spring Cleaning Tips for Homeschool Parents These 5 spring cleaning tips are also perfect for a mid-year organizational purge. Discover practical tips for dealing with all the papers, projects, books, and supplies that homeschooling families tend to accumulate over the year. A January purge may be just what you need to start the second semester clutter-free and focused. 10 Homeschool Support Group Topic Ideas If you’re a leader in your local homeschool group, chances are your New Year planning will include outings and events for your homeschool group. This article offers 10 support group topic ideas, including several that will be applicable in the first few months of the new year, including: Identifying and coping with learning strugglesOvercoming  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ or avoiding  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ homeschool burnoutCombating spring feverHow to wrap up your homeschool year Homeschool Field Trips Whether you’re planning field trips for your homeschool group or just for your family, this planning article is a must-read. It outlines practical tip for stress-free planning and offers field trip destination suggestions that will appeal to a wide variety of student ages and interests. If you’re like the majority of the population, this is the time of year that you’re focused on planning and organizing for the fresh start of a new year. Don’t overlook the opportunity to do so for the fresh start of your next homeschool semester!

#1 - the effectiveness of graphic organizers #2 -Learning vocabulary Article

#1 - the effectiveness of graphic organizers #2 -Learning vocabulary through reading - Article Example There were earlier studies in the area, though limited in scope, which have brought out the positive aspects of graphic organizers. The reviewed study aims to provide additional knowledge in the recently implemented systems where remedial students and students with learning disabilities are mainstreamed, and it could ostensibly lead to significant research in the field. The review of literature is carried out promptly, mentioning studies in the field by Bergerud, Lovitt, and Horton, Darch and Carnine, Sinatra et.al., Scruggs et.al., Mastropieri et. al., and so on. The review goes in detail to the significance of their studies and critically evaluates them, establishing the necessity of the present study. It also establishes a theoretical framework, holds scope to make use of the effectiveness of graphic organizers for students with learning handicap to the relatively new aspect of mainstream instruction. The authors succeed in relating previous research to their work. The study has three research questions which are hypothesized in affirmative answers. The questions are: 1. are the graphic organizers more effective than self-study condition for the three classifications mentioned? 2. do graphic organizers produce consistent effects in middle school and high school across a variety of content area classes? and 3. can teachers successfully implement graphic organizers with heterogeneous groups through teacher-directed and student-directed procedures? The hypothesis is consistent with theory and known facts. It is explained as testable, and promised to provide expected results. The methodology is explained with sufficient clarity so as to allow future researchers to replicate it for their purposes. The population used is selected from nine whole classes of three each from middle school science, middle school social studies and high school social studies. From each subject area, two classes are randomly selected to serve as experimental groups and

Gateway Project for Snowtown Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gateway Project for Snowtown - Case Study Example In order to reverse this abysmal trend, my plan proposes the design and implementation of a project that will establish two main gateway signs, to be located in two strategic sites in the town. The overall rationale behind this decision is to present Snowtown to commuters before their entry into the district. It will also serve as a quick reference to what is on offer and where it can be obtained within the premise of the city. The project envisages beyond given the town an aesthetic phase lift to also providing a one stop coordinating network of the town's iconic and signing outlay. To be incorporated in the project is the construction of public services centers at definite locations within the overall framework of the project. Snowtown by virtue of her location is the most preferred route for road users commuting to and fro Adelaide and Port Piere. Owing to this significant advantage, it is incumbent on the city planners to identify how to enhance the comparative advantage of this phenomenon within the established context of road transport. A recent survey indicates that, most travelers know little or nothing about this boisterous town besides cruising through it to their intended destinations. The project therefore, desires to embark on a massive publicity campaign that will showcase the township as an appealing tourism destination that will treat visitors to a delightful exhibition of the rich cultural heritage of Snowtown. It will serve as a platform to tap into the vibrant agricultural legacy for which the township is reputed for. In the case of Snowtown, besides the conventional road signage, there is a conspicuous gap in the provision of other equally relevant information outposts that presents the town in a unique fashion with the view of marketing it. In recognition of the above fact, there has been a remarkable move by government in recent times to explore within available provisions to pursue viable programmes that spurs sustainable economic improvement nationwide of which infrastructural development ranks high. The government's policy is motivated by the knowledge that given the relevant policy backing, cities and towns within the local government and decentralization programme can be challenged under available resources to resuscitate their dormant economic forces and also discover other fallow segments that have hitherto been overlooked. This is the basis upon which, this project is in resonance with an overall national agenda of economic development using infrastructural improvement as a catalyst to achieve this goal. Judging from the above, it cannot be disputed that this project is not only timely, but also connected with the long held value system that defines the township and people of Snowtown. It provides an opportunity to seal the patches that are causing leakages to the economic, social and tourist endowments in the intended project implementation locations. When all is said and done, the project will have immediate benefits to the current generation with rippling effects on posterity. 1.2Project Overview A) Project Title: